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| Operated by a small editorial team led by Richard Philips, Blue Crystal Literary Magazine continues to grow as a cross-cultural literary hub that values inclusivity, originality, and the transformative power of the arts. | | Operated by a small editorial team led by Richard Philips, Blue Crystal Literary Magazine continues to grow as a cross-cultural literary hub that values inclusivity, originality, and the transformative power of the arts. |
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| {{Infobox publisher
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| | name = Penguin Books Limited
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| | image = Penguin logo.svg
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| | image_size = 150
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| | caption = Logo used since 2003
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| | parent = [[Penguin Random House]] (as of 1 July 2013)<ref name="Press Release">{{cite news|title=CEO Markus Dohle Announces Penguin Random House Global Leadership Team|url=http://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/news/|access-date=1 July 2013|newspaper=Penguin Random House|date=1 July 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130704054221/http://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/news/|archive-date=4 July 2013}}</ref>
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| | status = Active
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| | founded = {{start date and age|df=yes|1935}}
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| | founder = {{ubl|[[Allen Lane]]|Richard Lane|John Lane}}
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| | successor =
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| | country = [[United Kingdom]]
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| | headquarters = [[City of Westminster]], London, England
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| | distribution = [[United Kingdom]], [[Ireland]], [[United States]], [[Australia]], [[Canada]], [[New Zealand]], [[India]], [[South Africa]], [[Germany]], [[Portugal]], [[Brazil]], [[Hispanosphere|Spanish-speaking world]]
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| | keypeople = {{ubl|[[Markus Dohle]]<br />([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])|Thomas Rabe<br />([[Chairman]])|Madeline McIntosh<br />([[Chief executive officer|CEO]], PRH US)|Tom Weldon<br />([[Chief executive officer|CEO]], PRH UK)|Allison Dobson<br />([[President (corporate title)|President]], Penguin Publishing Group U.S.)|Jen Loja<br />([[President (corporate title)|President]], Penguin Young Readers U.S.)}}
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| | publications = [[Book]]s
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| | topics =
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| | genre =
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| | imprints = [[Penguin Classics]], [[Viking Press]]
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| | revenue = €3.4 billion <ref name="beta uk">{{Cite web|url=https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/00734421/filing-history|title=PENGUIN RANDOM HOUSE LIMITED - Filing history (free information from Companies House)|website=Find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk|access-date=22 October 2020}}</ref>
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| | owner = [[Bertelsmann]]
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| | numemployees =10,000<ref name="beta uk"/>
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| | nasdaq =
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| | url = {{Official URL}}
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| }}
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| '''Penguin Books Limited''' is a [[Germany|German]]-owned English [[publishing|publishing house]]. It was co-founded in 1935 by [[Allen Lane]] with his brothers Richard and John,<ref>Allen's brothers Richard and John were co-founders and shareholders, though Allen was the dominant figure in the company. John died in service in 1942, Richard sold his share to Allen before the company went public in 1961. The Penguin Companion, pp.80–81, Penguin Collectors' Society, 2006.</ref> as a line of the publishers [[the Bodley Head]], only becoming a separate [[company]] the following year.<ref name="Company history">[http://www.penguin.co.uk/static/cs/uk/0/aboutus/history.html "About Penguin – company history"], {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105152710/http://www.penguin.co.uk/static/cs/uk/0/aboutus/history.html |date=5 November 2013 }}, Penguin Books.</ref> Penguin revolutionised publishing in the 1930s through its inexpensive [[paperback]]s, sold through [[Woolworths (United Kingdom)|Woolworths]] and other stores for [[Sixpence (British coin)|sixpence]], bringing high-quality fiction and [[non-fiction]] to the [[mass market]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Penguin's pioneering publisher – who never read books|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/7966424/Penguins-pioneering-publisher-who-never-read-books.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/7966424/Penguins-pioneering-publisher-who-never-read-books.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|publisher=[[Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=17 February 2014|author=Florence Waters|date=26 August 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>The original size was the 'A' format of 111 x 181mm, {{Cite web |url=https://www.penguincollectorssociety.org/faqs.php?faqID=4 |website=penguincollectorssociety.org |access-date=12 September 2024 |title=Why do the PCS Publications vary in size and format? |publisher=The Penguin Collectors Society, 2000-2024 |date=2024}}</ref> Its success showed that large audiences existed for several books. It also affected modern British popular culture significantly through its books concerning politics, the arts, and science.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160118160348/http://tcbh.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pdf_extract/4/1/25 Joicey, Nicholas (1993), "A Paperback Guide to Progress: Penguin Books 1935–c.1951", ''Twentieth Century British History'', Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 25–56]; and Ross McKibbin ''Classes and Cultures: England 1918–1951'', Oxford, 1998, {{ISBN|0-19-820672-0}}.</ref>
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| Penguin Books is now an [[imprint (trade name)|imprint]] of the worldwide [[Penguin Random House]], a conglomerate formed in 2013 by its merger with American publisher [[Random House]], a subsidiary of German media conglomerate [[Bertelsmann]].<ref>Mark Sweney [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/oct/29/penguin-random-house-book-publisher "Penguin and Random House merger to create biggest book publisher ever seen"], ''[[The Guardian]]'', 29 October 2012.</ref> Formerly, [[Penguin Group]] was wholly owned by British [[Pearson plc]], the global media company which also owned the ''[[Financial Times]]''.<ref>Penguin's many divisions are listed here [http://www.penguin.co.uk/static/cs/uk/0/aboutus/aboutpenguin_publishingstructure.html "About Penguin: Publishing structure"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415014405/http://www.penguin.co.uk/static/cs/uk/0/aboutus/aboutpenguin_publishingstructure.html |date=15 April 2012 }}</ref> When Penguin Random House was formed, Pearson had a 47% stake in the new company, which was reduced to 25% in July 2017. Since April 2020, Penguin Random House has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Bertelsmann. It is one of the largest English-language publishers known as the [[Big Five (publishers)|Big Five]], along with [[Holtzbrinck]]/[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]], [[Hachette (publisher)|Hachette]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[Simon & Schuster]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Who Are "The Big Six"?|url=http://www.fictionmatters.com/2010/03/05/who-are-%E2%80%9Cthe-big-six%E2%80%9D/|access-date=6 June 2012|newspaper=Fiction Matters|date=5 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101140836/http://www.fictionmatters.com/2010/03/05/who-are-%E2%80%9Cthe-big-six%E2%80%9D/ |archive-date=1 January 2011}}</ref>
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| Penguin Books has its [[registered office]] in the [[City of Westminster]], London, England.<ref>"[http://www.penguin.co.uk/static/cs/uk/0/aboutus/index.html#question1 26. What is Penguin Books Limited's company registration number?] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090711051613/http://www.penguin.co.uk/static/cs/uk/0/aboutus/index.html |date=11 July 2009 }}." Penguin Books. Retrieved on 28 August 2009.</ref><ref name="Map">[http://www.westminster.gov.uk/maps/ "Maps"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905100803/http://www.westminster.gov.uk/maps/ |date=5 September 2011 }}. City of Westminster. Retrieved on 28 August 2009.</ref>
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Blue Crystal Literary Magazine is an independent international literary magazine founded to promote creative expression through poetry, short fiction, nonfiction, and visual arts. Based in India, the magazine provides a global platform for both emerging and established writers and artists. Since its inception, Blue Crystal Literary Magazine has focused on celebrating diverse voices, artistic innovation, and literary excellence across genres and cultures.
The magazine is known for its thematic issues, creative writing challenges, and seasonal anthologies, often featuring a curated mix of poetry, short stories, experimental works, and photography. Each issue invites contributions from writers and artists around the world, encouraging fresh perspectives and fostering a community of creatives.
In addition to regular publications, Blue Crystal actively supports community initiatives, including free educational outreach programs under its Blue Crystal Academy project. The magazine also hosts online contests and collaborative publishing opportunities, aiming to democratize access to literary spaces.
Operated by a small editorial team led by Richard Philips, Blue Crystal Literary Magazine continues to grow as a cross-cultural literary hub that values inclusivity, originality, and the transformative power of the arts.
